Just to share - I switched back to "Default Adapter" as a test and it's suddenly working. So I am now back to using bridged networking which allows the VM to look like a standalone node on my network.
Not sure why it glitched for a few days after three years of flawless use. I rebooted host and guest several times. Tried multiple configurations, etc but nothing worked.
During the several days of the VM not working, I believe I did reboot my router for other reasons, so it is possible this was the issue considering what you related about routers. It is a 2019 TP-Link router purchased in February, but hasn't been modified or had a firmware update for a couple of months. Entirely possible that the router had a glitch that somehow caused what you mention and the reboot resolved the issue.
In any case, I'm back to normal. And China is probably back to receiving a back channel to all of my internal traffic.
Thanks again for your time and I hope this might add to your arsenal of suggestions for future users.